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\begin{table}[H]
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\centering
\caption{RD Estimates of Platform Pop-Up Effects by Applicant's Socioeconomic Status\label{tab:RDvulnerable}}
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\begin{tabular}{lrrrrr}
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  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(1)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(2)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{ } &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(3)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(4)}\\
 &\multicolumn{2}{c}{Economically Vulnerable} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{ }&\multicolumn{2}{c}{Not Economically vulnerable}\\\cline{2-3}\cline{5-6}
  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{IV} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{ } &\multicolumn{1}{c}{} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{IV}\\\midrule

\\
\multicolumn{6}{l}{\textit{A. Balance}} \\
Economically Vulnerable  & 0 &  &   & 0 &  \\ 
  & (0.000) &  &   & (0.000) &  \\ 
Rural  & -0.012 &  &   & -0.004 &  \\ 
  & (0.004) &  &   & (0.003) &  \\ 
\\
\multicolumn{6}{l}{\textit{B. Choice Behavior}} \\
Any modification  & 0.225 &  &   & 0.206 &  \\ 
  & (0.015) &  &   & (0.013) &  \\ 
Add any  & 0.227 &  &   & 0.209 &  \\ 
  & (0.015) &  &   & (0.012) &  \\ 
Schools Added  & 0.327 & 1.445 &   & 0.350 & 1.673 \\ 
  & (0.035) & (0.115) &   & (0.036) & (0.133) \\ 
$\Delta$ Risk  & -0.041 & -0.179 &   & -0.028 & -0.136 \\ 
  & (0.005) & (0.020) &   & (0.004) & (0.016) \\ 
Add as first  & -0.001 & -0.005 &   & -0.004 & -0.017 \\ 
  & (0.004) & (0.020) &   & (0.003) & (0.016) \\ 
Add to middle  & 0.013 & 0.057 &   & 0.020 & 0.095 \\ 
  & (0.005) & (0.023) &   & (0.006) & (0.025) \\ 
Add as last  & 0.217 & 0.957 &   & 0.197 & 0.943 \\ 
  & (0.014) & (0.025) &   & (0.012) & (0.025) \\ 
Drop any  & -0.003 & -0.014 &   & 0.001 & 0.006 \\ 
  & (0.006) & (0.028) &   & (0.006) & (0.027) \\ 
Re-order  & 0.020 & 0.090 &   & 0.009 & 0.045 \\ 
  & (0.007) & (0.031) &   & (0.006) & (0.031) \\ 
\\
\multicolumn{6}{l}{\textit{C. Choice outcome}} \\
Placed to preference  & 0.019 & 0.085 &   & 0.052 & 0.251 \\ 
  & (0.014) & (0.062) &   & (0.012) & (0.056) \\ 
Enrolled in placed  & 0.008 & 0.036 &   & 0.036 & 0.173 \\ 
  & (0.016) & (0.071) &   & (0.014) & (0.067) \\ 
Enrolled in placed$|$placed  & -0.009 & -0.035 &   & -0.004 & -0.017 \\ 
  & (0.016) & (0.065) &   & (0.014) & (0.062) \\ 
\\
\multicolumn{6}{l}{\textit{D. Congestion-related outcomes}} \\
Add any undersubscribed  & 0.071 & 0.315 &   & 0.075 & 0.359 \\ 
  & (0.011) & (0.040) &   & (0.009) & (0.035) \\ 
$\Delta$ prob. placed to undersubscribed  & 0.020 & 0.090 &   & 0.018 & 0.088 \\ 
  & (0.005) & (0.022) &   & (0.004) & (0.018) \\ 
   &   &   &   &   &   \\ 
NL  & 8,878 & 8,878 &   & 11,481 & 11,481 \\ 
%  &  &  &   &  &  \\ 
NR  & 8,721 & 8,721 &   & 12,424 & 12,424 \\ 
%  &  &  &   &  &  \\ 
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\floatfoot{\scriptsize
\textit{Notes. }Local linear RD estimates of pop-up effects from warning pop-up on application platform, split by applicant's socioeconomic status. ``Economically vulernable'' individuals are the lower-SES group. See section \ref{sec:setting} for details. Computed using triangular kernel with bandwidth 0.1. Heteroskedasticity-robust nearest neighbor variance estimator with minimum of 3 neighbors reported in parentheses; computed as in \citet{calonico2014robust}. IV estimates reported in second column of each set show the instrumental variable specifications (fuzzy RD), where the endogenous regressor is the add any school indicator. Panel A: predetermined covariates. Panel B: measures of choice behavior from initial to final application. $\Delta$ risk is change in application risk from first to final attempt. ``Add to X'' are additions of schools in given place on list, relative to initial application submission. Panel C: outcomes of choice process. ``Enrolled in placed'' is equal to one for students who receive a placement and enroll in the placed school. ``Enrolled in placed $|$ placed'' is the enrollment rate in the placed school, conditional on receiving a placement. Panel D: congestion attributes of behavior and placement outcomes. ``Undersubscribed'' schools are those with excess capacity. 
}
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